Basic Bibliography Stuff

Workshop: Writing Prompts

• Write a brief paragraph that describes your inherited self (think about family traditions, countries of origin, family beliefs, etc)
• How has your upbringing shaped your view of the world, other people, religion, money, relationships, etc?
• Write about an interaction you have had with someone from another culture/country/region/belief system/sexual orientation and how that made you look at yourself or the world differently 

WR121: Clash of the Gods: Beowulf

Answer the questions thoroughly and to the best of your ability in complete paragraphs.

• How trustworthy is this “documentary”? Back it up and explain.
• Why might this not be considered a traditional documentary? Back it up and explain.
• What historical truths did you learn about Beowulf? Back it up and explain.
• What expectations do you have now in regards to reading it? Back it up and explain.
• What are the key qualities needed in a hero of the Middle Ages? Back it up and explain.
• What can you tell about the story based on this film? Back it up and explain.
• What purpose do monsters serve? Define the term monster, back it up, and explain.
• How is Beowulf a myth? How is it a fairy tale? Back it up and explain.

• Compare the introduction from the Signet Classics Beowulf to the information presented in Clash of the Gods: Beowulf. 
• What do you now know? Back up and explain.
• What are you expecting? Back up and explain.

WR115: Pre-Kalevala Questions & Discussion

Paragraph 1: What are the most important qualities for a hero of the ancient Jews? Back it up and explain.

Paragraph 2: What are the most important qualities for an ancient greek hero? Back it up and explain.

Paragraph 3: What are the most important qualities for a hero of The Middle Ages? Back it up and explain.

Paragraph 4: What purpose do monsters serve? Define what monsters are, then back it up, and explain.

Everything is in the notes or packets.

For the seniors who requested it...c

This is a breakdown of the important figures in The Iliad and The Odyssey

Helen

• Leda, Queen of Sparta, was seduced by Zeus on the same night she and her husband, King Tyndareus enjoy being married. Four children were conceived (myths differ on who were Zeus' and who were Tyndareus')
• Helen was forced to marry Menelaus—he got Sparta (which was supposed to be ruled by the sisters) and she got continually used by the gods.
• Clytamestra was forced to marry Agamemnon, move to Mycenaea, and watch her eldest be sacrificed for wind. After successfully avenging Iphigenia, she was in turned killed by her two remaining children.

Paris 

• While Queen Hecuba (of Troy) was pregnant with twins, everyone with a little bit of psychic powers freaked out that her son would run through the streets with a firebrand and burn the city to the ground.
• Priam sent the infant Paris to Mount Ida, so he wouldn't live it Troy and thus destroy it.
• Paris became the plaything of the gods and, as a reward, he was given Helen of Sparta who he stole while on a goodwill mission with his older brother, Hector, after discovering he was a Prince of Troy. 
• Paris resented being left out of the family, had a huge complex about being good enough (he wasn't), and resented his twin sister.

Cassandra

• While Queen Hecuba (of Troy) was pregnant with twins, everyone with a little bit of psychic powers freaked out that her son would run through the streets with a firebrand and burn the city to the ground.
• Priam sent the infant Paris to Mount Ida, so he wouldn't live it Troy and thus destroy it. However, he kept Cassandra.
• Cassandra became a virgin priestess of Apollo which meant that she had a share in her family's wealth, and a great education at the temple. 
• She took her virgin-priestess status seriously and threatened a local priest who tried to rape her. Then Apollo tried to seduce her, she resisted him too. As punishment, she would always see the exact repercussions of every choice—if she ever tried to share that information, she would be mocked and disbelieved 
• There are two stories about her end: a) as a sex-slave to Agamemnon she got pregnant and was killed by Clytamestra; b) she escaped the slaughter of Agamemnon by claiming to be the only parent of the child and was freed, with gifts, by Clytamestra.

Agamemnon

• The King of Mycenaea was a hard, cruel man. He wanted Helen for himself, but gave her to his brother, Menelaus, as a way of tying all the major Greek kings and heroes to him. He knew if he waited long enough he'd have the chance to destroy Troy.
• After Paris snagged Helen, Agamemnon called in all his favors and put together a huge army intent on crushing Troy. Unfortunately, the winds did not seem to favor the army. Agamemnon called his oldest daughter, a priestess, to his ship to perform a ritual. Instead of having her perform the ritual, he had her seized and killed as a sacrifice for the wind. It worked...
• The entire Greek army spent ten years battling back and forth with Troy. It is only after they capture two priestesses (Chryseis and Briseis) that things began to move forward.... 
• Achilles
• The greatest hero of the Greeks was a total momma's boy with too much natural power and not enough purpose or personality. After Chryseis was ransomed by her father, Briseis was taken from Achilles by Agamemnon.
• In retaliation, Agamemnon refused to go into battle. Rather than watch things fall further apart, Patroclus (Achilles' bestie) put on the heroic armor and led the men into battle.
• Patroclus died and the Trojans felt so bad that they stopped the war to throw him a huge funeral...
• Eventually, a pissed of priest/priestess/Apollo fired a diseased arrow into his heel, causing his death.

Hector 

• The future King of Troy was a warrior, a scholar, and good brother, a good husband, and a good friend. He was beloved and trusted by those inside and outside the city of Troy
• In battle, Hector went after Achilles and fought him hard. Only after killing Achilles, did Hector discover Patroclus in the armor. It was due to him that the war stopped long enough for a days long feast and series of games in Patroclus' honor.was over, Achilles went after Hector. Upon killing Hector, Achilles desecrated the body, then tied it to the back of his chariot so he could drag it around the city every day.
• Eventually King Priam, Queen Hecuba, and their children (including in-laws) arrived in sackcloth and ashes begging for Hector's body back. Only at Agamemnon's insistence did Achilles agree to exchange the body for its weight in gold. Once he got a good look at Cassandra, he offered to take her live body for Hector's dead one. 
• Cassandra refused, gave up her own jewelry as part of the ransom, and caught everyone's eye.

Odysseus

• Tried to avoid leaving his wife and infant son on Ithaca by playing crazy.
• Spent a lot of that first decade trying to find a solution by sneaking into Troy to talk to Priam and the family.
• Finally, he suggested building a wooden horse, hiding the best Greek warriors in it, moving the ships out to sea. Problem #1: Horses are sacred to Poseidon (the god of the sea)
• While it worked, Troy was destroyed, the Greeks got to go home, Odysseus got spanked by Poseidon repeatedly. 
• Landed his fleet of ships on a series of islands to rape and pillage.
• The Lotus Eaters
• The Cyclopses: blinding Polyphemus
• Aiolos and the bag of winds
• The fleet destroyed: Laistrygones
• Circe—Teiresias and the Underworld—Circe
• Sirens, Scylla, Charybdis
• The Island of Helios
• Calypso—Athena interferes, Hermes does his job, and Odysseus pouts

Telemachus

• Spends ten years being raised by a mother who is running a household, running a productive farm, running a country, and keeping everything successful.
• Spends ten years watching his mother try to avoid a bunch of gold-digging suitors while still keeping everything running at a profit.
• Athena interferes—
• On Pylos he learns nothing helpful
• In Sparta he meets Helen and learns nothing helpful

Penelope

• In a time when women were just bargaining chips in the games men played, she kept her husbands businesses and country going while raising a son.
• In a time when she should have been able to have her husband home, she kept a bunch of up-jumped, gold-digging suitors at by through a series of clever excuses. 
• Her final attempt is to weave a shroud (death cloth) for her father-in-law. Her maids betray her by sleeping with the suitors, then by telling the suitors Penelope's secrets.
• When a new stranger arrives, supposedly with news of Odysseus, Penelope recognizes something. She sets up a final test for the suitors knowing they'll fail and wondering if the new stranger is her good-for-nothing-pissing-off-the-gods-so-others-have-to-pay-serial-cheater-who-has-the-stones-to-question-her-integrity husband...

In the end—

• Odysseus and Telemachus meet thanks to Athena and a swineherd. They hatch a plan and return to the palace.
• They don't tell Penelope anything.
• They kill all the suitors (thanks to a situation Penelope set up).
• They kill all the servants who betrayed Penelope (but still don't tell her what's up).
• Then, Odysseus tries to test Penelope's loyalty. She sees right through it and tests him in return. But it's ancient Greece so she gets know love for keeping everything profitable or raising a decent son...after all, she's the damsel in distress, right?

WR115: Iliad/Odyssey Questions

Choose two topics to write two 7-10 sentence paragraph about—

• What are the qualities for a good greek hero? Pick a character who fits those qualities and explain the connection.
• What are the qualities for a good greek hero? Pick a modern individual who fits those qualities and explain the connection.
• In what ways are Odysseus and Achilles (two of the greatest Greek heroes) different? Explain.
• How are the few women highlighted in The Iliad (Helen, Cassandra) and The Odyssey (Penelope) heroes in their own right? Explain.

WW: Tips and Tricks

• Opening Paragraph:What do you spend most of your time doing? What does it say about you?

• Writing Tips Article
• Paragraph 1: Which three tips were the most helpful? Explain. 
• Paragraph 2: Which three tips were the least helpful? Explain.
• Paragraph 3: What one tip would you give to help others with their writing? Explain.

English 2: Creation Stories

We will be reading from Fantastic Worlds for the next week or so. There are a variety of creation stories in the world and we cannot hit them all. It is important to remember that all of these stories were (or are) the basis for people's religious or non-religious belief systems. We read these stories to as literature, respecting the faiths that created them, but focusing on language, symbolism, and what was important to each group via their stories.

• Terms that came up:
• firmament: basically, the sky or the atmosphere
• day: a measurement of time; there is no indication this reflects our modern definition of a day as 24 hours
• meat: food, not the flesh of an animal
• Opening Paragraph—What does the book seem like it will be like based on the cover? The table of contents? What stories do you think you’ll be reading?
• Paragraph 1: What do the following stories have in common: northern tribal creation story, southern tribal creation story, the flood/Noah’s ark, the Tower of Babel, the Blackfoot Genesis—use only the stories you are familiar with or discuss why you haven’t ever heard of these stories.
• Paragraph 2: Based on the first creation story (pgs. 41-43), what was the most important day of creation? What was created on that day? Back it up and explain.
• Paragraph 3: Why did Adam and Eve really get kicked out of Eden? What was this supposed to teach people? Back it up and explain.
• Paragraph 4: Summary of "The Blackfoot Genesis (pgs. 47-50)
• Paragraph 5: How does Old Man from "The Blackfoot Genesis" compare to God from "Genesis"? What are their flaws? What makes them interesting? Why do both sets of people feel as though they were punished? What brought on those punishments? Back it up and explain.

WR121: In Class Essay Prompts ATPH

Please remember, the essay must be written in class. If I don't see you write it, I can't be absolutely sure it's your work. These prompts stem from past AP tests. Please make sure to connect both prompts to All The Pretty Horses.

Option 1: “You can leave home all you want, but home will hover leave you.” [Sonsyrea Tate] Sonsrea Tate’s statement suggests that “home” may be conceived of as a dwelling, a place, or a state of mind. It may have positive or negative associations, but in either case, it may have a considerable influence on an individual. Choose a novel or play (preferably All The Pretty Horses) in which a central character leaves home yet finds that home remains significant. Write a well-developed essay in which you analyze the importance of “home” to this character and the reasons for its continuing influence. Explain how the character’s idea of home illuminates the larger meaning of the work.

Option 2: Works of the literature often depict acts of betrayal. Friends and, even, family may betray a protagonist; main characters may likewise be guilty of treachery or may betray their own values. How do those characters and situations show the importance of loyalty and being true to oneself? Select a novel or play (preferably All The Pretty Horses) that includes such acts of betrayal. Then, in a well-written essay, analyze the nature of betrayal and show how it contributes to the meaning of the work as a whole.

WR121: ATPH More Discussion Questions

Answer each question, support each answer (preferably from the book), and explain the support.

What is “family of choice”? How does it play into All The Pretty Horses? Back it up and explain.

• How does “family of choice” play into other pieces of literature? Into modern life? Back it up and explain.
• Why does John Grady go to Mexico? Why does Rawilins go to Mexico? How do those reasons represent their differences and beliefs? Back it up and explain.
• What is more important in old-school cowboy culture—loyalty or the law? Back it up and explain.
• Why is it so important for John Grady to reclaim some piece of himself from before prison (gear, the horse, the Captain)? Back it up and explain.
• What’s the difference between the letter of the law and the spirit of the law? How does it play out in All The Pretty Horses? Back it up and explain.
• Why is it so important in life and in All The Pretty Horses to be loyal to “the people you ride with” (friends/partners)? Back it up and explain.
• Why do you think John Grady leaves his home a second time? Back it up and explain.
• Why does McCarthy bookend the narrative with burials (grandfather/beloved housekeeper)? What tone does this set? What ideas does it encourage? Back it up and explain.

WW: Writing Exercises

Try to get as much as you can out of each prompt. If there's one you just can't use, skip it.

• Day 1 Paragraphs
• 10 potential titles for your autobiography/memoir
• Create a character with the personality of someone you adore and the physicality of someone you can't stand
• Write about the most beautiful place you've ever been
• Convince someone to hire you (sell yourself)
• Write about the most important moment in your life so far
• Choose any book in the room and use the first sentence as the beginning of your own one-page story
• Day 2 Paragraphs
• What phrase do other people use that confuses you? Explain.
• What do you want today? Explain.
• Who is your favorite person? Why?
• Pick an event or topic that makes you angry and write about why.
• What event or topic that makes other people angry is totally unimportant? Why?
• Write about your least favorite person without using a name or any identifying terms.
• Day 3 Paragraphs
• Pick an event or topic that makes you angry and write about why.
• What event or topic that makes other people angry is totally unimportant? Why?
• Write about your least favorite person without using a name or any identifying terms
• What song is the perfect theme for your life? Explain.

WR121: ATPH Discussion Questions

Answer the questions using examples from All The Pretty Horses and your lives, explain the examples, and make a connection.

• Scenario 1: Your friend kills someone—do you call the cops, convince them to turn themselves in, or help them hide the body?
• What are group norms? 
• What are the norms of your social group? How do you know?
• Scenario 2: Your friend breaks up with their on again/off again, attractive partner—do you offer them a safe place, start dating the partner, or roll your eyes and pass them off?
• What is the core of true friendship? 
• Do any two people need to have the same definition for their friendship to work?
• How are patronage and friendship similar? Different?

WR115: Vocabulary #1

Remember to give an example and explain why it's a good example in the sentence for each term.

• Allusion: a historical or cultural reference to something outside the piece of literature 
• Analogy: a comparison of two things
• Anti-hero: Never overcomes inner demons and is, instead, destroyed by them; can be an outlaw or villain to society, but is sympathetic to the audience; cynical or wounded
• Archetypes: (in Jungian psychology) a collectively inherited unconscious idea, pattern of thought, image, etc., universally present in individual psyches.
• Breath: the center of being alive; its rhythm indicates mood
• Canon of Literature: a list of works, compiled by experts that represent an author, time period, or society
• Characterization: creating and establishing specific individuals (characters) in a story, poem, or film
• Comedy: meant to amuse; all problems work out perfectly in the end
• Connotation: secondary or associated meanings for a word
• Criticism: term for works concerned with defining, analyzing, classifying, and evaluating words of literature.

E2: Vocabulary #1

Remember to give an example and explain why it's a good example in the sentence for each term.

• Allegory: symbolic narrative (appears to tell one story while telling another one at the same time)
• Alliteration: two or more words in a grouping with the same opening sound
• Allusion: a historical or cultural reference to something outside the piece of literature 
• Ambiguity: uncertainty of intended meaning
• Analogy: a comparison of two things
• Antagonist: the opponent of the protagonist
• Anti-hero: Never overcomes inner demons and is, instead, destroyed by them; can be an outlaw or villain to society, but is sympathetic to the audience; cynical or wounded
• Archetypes: (in Jungian psychology) a collectively inherited unconscious idea, pattern of thought, image, etc., universally present in individual psyches.
• Atmosphere: mood, ambience, or emotional tone of a text
• Autobiography: the facts of the author’s life